La vocación profesional en las Instituciones Formadoras de Docentes frente a la socioformación

El propósito de la presente investigación documental fue profundizar sobre la contribución de la vocación como factor importante ante la formación profesional del docente desde la socioformación. La metodología fue el análisis documental con apoyo en la cartografía conceptual, implicó una búsqueda y organización de información que respaldó el análisis, facilitando la comparación, interpretación y aplicación de la misma. Se concluye que la vocación docente no es un factor necesario en la formación profesional, pero juega un papel importante

Impaired endocytosis in proximal tubule from subchronic exposure to cadmium involves angiotensin II type 1 and cubilin receptors

BACKGROUND: Chronic exposure to low cadmium (Cd) levels produces urinary excretion of low molecular weight proteins, which is considered the critical effect of Cd exposure. However, the mechanisms involved in Cd-induced proteinuria are not entirely clear. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the possible role of megalin and cubilin (important endocytic receptors in proximal tubule cells) and angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor on Cd-induced microalbuminuria. METHODS: Four groups of female Wistar rats were studied. Control (CT) group, vehicle-treated rats; LOS group, rats treated with losartan (an AT1 antagonist) from weeks 5 to 8 (10 mg/kg/day by gavage); Cd group, rats subchronically exposed to Cd (3 mg/kg/day by gavage) during 8 weeks, and Cd + LOS group, rats treated with Cd for 8 weeks and LOS from weeks 5–8. Kidney Cd content, glomerular function (evaluated by creatinine clearance and plasma creatinine), kidney injury and tubular function (evaluated by Kim-1 expression, urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and glucose, and microalbuminuria), oxidative stress (measured by lipid peroxidation and NAD(P)H oxidase activity), mRNA levels of megalin, expressions of megalin and cubilin (by confocal microscopy) and AT1 receptor (by Western blot), were measured in the different experimental groups. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test using GraphPad Prism 5 software (Version 5.00). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Administration of Cd (Cd and Cd + LOS groups) increased renal Cd content. LOS-treatment decreased Cd-induced microalbuminuria without changes in: plasma creatinine, creatinine clearance, urinary NAG and glucose, oxidative stress, mRNA levels of megalin and cubilin, neither protein expression of megalin nor AT1 receptor, in the different experimental groups studied. However, Cd exposure did induce the expression of the tubular injury marker Kim-1 and decreased cubilin protein levels in proximal tubule cells whereas LOS-treatment restored cubilin levels and suppressed Kim-1 expression. CONCLUSION: LOS treatment decreased microalbuminuria induced by Cd apparently through a cubilin receptor-dependent mechanism but independent of megalin

Stable isotopic inferences on trophic ecology and habitat use of brown smooth-hound Mustelus henlei in the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico

The brown smoothhound shark Mustelus henlei is the most important shark species in the artisanal fisheries of the western coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. Its trophic ecology was analyzed using carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope analysis in the muscle tissue. The values of δC (−18.2 ± 0.6 ‰) and δN (17.7 ± 0.9 ‰) suggest that this species feeds in the Gulf of Ulloa throughout the year. The low values of δC indicate that the sharks feed in oceanic zones; while the δN values suggest that these sharks feed on prey that occupy a high trophic level and/or from a trophic chain with an enriched basal signal. The δC and δN values of this species do not present significant statistical differences between sexes and size. This study provides new insights regarding the habitat use of M. henlei, characterizing its preference for oceanic zones.GM, AJMR, FREV, ATV, and LAM thank the Instituto Politécnico Nacional for the fellowships provided (COFFA, EDI) Mexico. To project CONACYT, Mexico 25370 and Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico grants SIP20181417, SIP20195126 and SIP20196736. We thank two anonymous reviewers for the observations and comments in order to improve the manuscript

Increased Endocytosis of Cadmium-Metallothionein through the 24p3 Receptor in an In Vivo Model with Reduced Proximal Tubular Activity

Zavala-Guevara IP, Ortega-Romero MS, Narvaez-Morales J, et al. Increased Endocytosis of Cadmium-Metallothionein through the 24p3 Receptor in an In Vivo Model with Reduced Proximal Tubular Activity. International journal of molecular sciences. 2021;22(14): 7262.BACKGROUND: The proximal tubule (PT) is the major target of cadmium (Cd2+) nephrotoxicity. Current dogma postulates that Cd2+ complexed to metallothionein (MT) (CdMT) is taken up through receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) via the PT receptor megalin:cubilin, which is the predominant pathway for reuptake of filtered proteins in the kidney. Nevertheless, there is evidence that the distal parts of the nephron are also sensitive to damage induced by Cd2+. In rodent kidneys, another receptor for protein endocytosis, the 24p3 receptor (24p3R), is exclusively expressed in the apical membranes of distal tubules (DT) and collecting ducts (CD). Cell culture studies have demonstrated that RME and toxicity of CdMT and other (metal ion)-protein complexes in DT and CD cells is mediated by 24p3R. In this study, we evaluated the uptake of labeled CdMT complex through 24p3R after acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by gentamicin (GM) administration that disrupts PT function. Subcutaneous administration of GM at 10 mg/kg/day for seven days did not alter the structural and functional integrity of the kidney's filtration barrier. However, because of PT injury, the concentration of the renal biomarker Kim-1 increased. When CdMT complex coupled to FITC was administered intravenously, both uptake of the CdMT complex and 24p3R expression in DT increased and also colocalized after PT injury induced by GM. Although megalin decreased in PT after GM administration, urinary protein excretion was not changed, which suggests that the increased levels of 24p3R in the distal nephron could be acting as a compensatory mechanism for protein uptake. Altogether, these results suggest that PT damage increases the uptake of the CdMT complex through 24p3R in DT (and possibly CD) and compensate for protein losses associated with AKI

Krüppel-Like Factor 10 participates in cervical cancer immunoediting through transcriptional regulation of Pregnancy-Specific Beta-1 Glycoproteins

Cervical cancer (CC) is associated with alterations in immune system balance, which is primarily due to a shift from Th1 to Th2 and the unbalance of Th17/Treg cells. Using in silico DNA copy number analysis, we have demonstrated that ~20% of CC samples exhibit gain of 8q22.3 and 19q13.31; the regions of the genome that encodes the KLF10 and PSG genes, respectively. Gene expression studies demonstrated that there were no alterations in KLF10 mRNA expression, whilst the PSG2 and -5 genes were up-regulated by 1.76 and 3.97-fold respectively in CC compared to normal tissue controls. siRNA and ChIP experiments in SiHa cells have demonstrated that KLF10 participates in immune response through regulation of IL6, IL25 and PSG2 and PSG5 genes. Using cervical tissues from KLF10 mice, we have identified down-regulation of PSG17, -21 and -23 and IL11. These results suggest that KLF10 may regulate immune system response genes in cervical cancer among other functions. KLF10 and PSG copy number variations and alterations in mRNA expression levels could represent novel molecular markers in CC

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El INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL es una institución educativa laica, gratuita del Estado, rectora de la educación tecnológica pública en México, líder en la generación, aplicación, difusión y transferencia del conocimiento científico y tecnológico, creada para contribuir al desarrollo económico, social y político de la nación. Para lograrlo, el Instituto y su comunidad forman integralmente profesionales en los niveles medio superior, superior y posgrado, realiza investigación y extiende a la sociedad sus resultados, con calidad, responsabilidad, ética, tolerancia y compromiso social. La Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Arquitectura Unidad Zacatenco, es una de las once escuelas superiores en el área de Ingeniería y Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, del INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL